1. America, Iberia, and Africa before the conquest. Amerindian civilization on the eve of European conquest
The Iberian world in the late fifteenth century
Atlantic Africa in the fifteenth century
First encounters in the new world
2. The age of conquest. The conquest of Mexico
The conquest of Peru
The ebbtide of conquest
Black participation in the age of conquest
Conundrums and the Columbian exchange
3. Ruling new world empires. Imperial organization and administration
The colonial church
4. Population and labor. Changes in the colonial population
Indian labor
Slavery and the slave trade
5. Production, exchange, and defense. The mining and sugar industries
International trade and taxation
Defense
The colonial economy
6. The social economy : societies of caste and class. Evolution of colonial societies
The elites
Urban and rural middle groups
The broad base of colonial society
7. The family and society. Family : the foundation of colonial society
Women in colonial societies and economies
The culture of honor
8. Living in an empire. Colonial settings
Daily life in the colonies
The cultural milieu
9. Imperial expansion. The Spanish colonies, 1680s to 1762
Brazil in the age of expansion
New Spain, Peru, and the reforms of Charles III
The emergence of the periphery in Spanish America
10. Crisis and political revolution. An era of war and crisis for Spain and Portugal
Governments of resistance and political revolution, 1808-1812
11. From empire to independence. Ferdinand and the failure of absolutism
Independence in Spanish America
Portugal and Brazil in the age of revolution
Cuba : "the ever faithful isle"
Spain after the loss of mainland America
12. Epilogue. The economy
Government and political life
Social change.