Preface
Introduction
The force of living
Bantu philosophy : a contradictory text
Ontology of living force
Languages and translation
Proof by aesthetics
The time we need
That time we call African
Words to speak of time
To foresee or to anticipate
Speech and ink
Sense of urgency and the passage to writing
Philosophy and orality
Meanings of Timbuktu
Socialisms and democracy
The African path to socialism according to Nyerere
Socialism, consciencism, spiritualism and secularism
Senghor and humanist socialism
The democratic turn and the African Charter on Human and People's Rights
Conclusion : lessons from the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights.