Contributors
Preface
1 Introduction to Nondestructive Testing
1.1 What Is Nondestructive Testing?
1.2 Concerns Regarding NDT
1.3 History of Nondestructive Testing
1.4 Nondestructive versus Destructive Tests
1.5 Conditions for Effective Nondestructive Testing
1.6 Personnel Considerations
1.7 Certification Summary
References
2 Discontinuities?Origins and Classification
2.1 Primary Production of Metals
2.2 Casting
2.3 Cracks
2.4 Welding Discontinuities
2.5 Discontinuities Resulting from Plastic Deformation
2.6 Corrosion-Induced Discontinuities
2.7 Operationally Induced Discontinuities?Fatigue Cracking
2.8 Operationally Induced Discontinuities?Creep
2.9 Operationally Induced Discontinuities?Brittle Fracture.
2.10 Geometric Discontinuities
2.11 Summary
2.12 Glossary of Metallurgy and Discontinuity Terms
2.13 Discontinuity Guide
3 Visual Testing
3.1 History and Development
3.2 Theory and Principles
3.3 Equipment and Accessories
3.4 Applications and Techniques
3.5 Evaluation and Reporting of Test Results
3.6 Advantages and Limitations
3.7 Glossary of Key Terms
Bibliography
4 Penetrant Testing
4.1 Introduction
4.2 History and Development
4.3 Theory and Principles
4.4 Penetrant Equipment and Materials
4.5 Penetrant Procedures
4.6 Techniques and Variables
4.7 Evaluation and Disposition
4.8 Penetrant Testing Applications
4.9 Quality Control Considerations
4.10 Advantages and Limitations
4.11 Glossary of Penetrant Testing Terms
References
5 Magnetic Particle Testing
5.1 History and Development
5.2 Theory and Principles
5.3 Equipment and Accessories
5.4 Techniques
5.5 Variables
5.6 Evaluation of Test Results and Reporting
5.7 Applications
5.8 Advantages and Limitations
5.9 Glossary of Key Terms
References
6 Radiographic Testing
6.1 History and Development
6.2 Theory and Principles
6.3 Radiographic Equipment and Accessories
6.4 Variables
6.5 Techniques and Procedures
6.6 Radiographic Evaluation
6.7 Applications
6.8 Advantages and Limitations of Radiography
6.9 Compendium of Radiographs
6.10 Glossary
References.
7 Ultrasonic Testing
7.1 History
7.2 Theory and Principles
7.3 Equipment for Ultrasonic Applications
7.4 Techniques
7.5 Variables
7.6 Evaluation of Test Results
7.7 Applications
7.8 Advantages and Limitations
7.9 Glossary of Terms
References
8 Eddy Current Testing
8.1 History and Development
8.2 Theory and Principles
8.3 Alternating Current Principles
8.4 Eddy Currents
8.5 Test Equipment
8.6 Eddy Current Applications and Signal Display
8.7 Advantages and Limitations
8.8 Other Electromagnetic Test Techniques
8.9 Glossary of Key Terms
Suggestions for Further Reading
9 Thermal Infrared Testing
9.1 History and Development
9.2 Theory and Principles
9.3 Equipment and Accessories
9.4 Techniques
9.5 Variables
9.6 Evaluation of Test Results and Reporting
9.7 Applications
9.8 Advantages and Limitations
9.9 Glossary
Bibliography and References
10 Acoustic Emission Testing
10.1 History
10.2 Overview of Acoustic Emission
10.3 Sources of Acoustic Emission
10.4 The Signal-Shaping Chain
10.5 Instrumentation Architecture
10.6 Data Displays
10.7 Interpretation and Evaluation
10.8 Advantages and Limitations of Acoustic Emission Testing
10.9 Glossary of Acoustic Emission Terms
References
11 Digital Radiography
11.1 Digital Radiography Evolves
11.2 Software
11.3 Tools
11.4 Digital Radiography Systems
11.5 Image Quality Issues and Concerns
11.6 Evolving Technology
11.7 Glossary
References
12 Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing
12.1 History and Development
12.2 Theory and Principles of Phased Array Testing
12.3 Phased Array Instrumentation
12.4 Basic Techniques for Instrument Setup
12.5 Evaluation of Test Results
12.6 Phased Array Applications
12.7 Benefits and Limitations of Phased Array Inspection
12.8 Appendix: Full Matrix Capture and Total Focusing Method
12.9 Phased Array Glossary
References
13 An Introduction to Ultrasonic Guided Wave Inspection
13.1 What Is an Ultrasonic Guided Wave?
13.2 Market Forces
13.3 Literature Survey
13.4 Fundamentals
13.5 Dispersion
13.6 Hybrid Analytical FEM Computation
13.7 Phased Array for Plate
13.8 Ultrasonic Vibrations
13.9 Advantages and Limitations
13.10 Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgments
References
14 Shearography Nondestructive Testing
14.1 History and Development
14.2 Theory and Principles of Operation
14.3 Shearography Equipment and Accessories
14.4 Applications and Techniques
14.5 Evaluation and Reporting of Test Results
14.6 Advantages and Limitations
14.7 Laser Safety
14.8 Glossary of Key Terms
References
A Basic Metric?U.S. Customary Conversions
Index.