The early Italian experience
Giuseppe Garibaldi : "the hero of two worlds"
"Ye come from many a far off clime, and speak in many a tongue" : the Garibaldi Guard
Edward Ferrero : from ballroom to battlefield
Luigi Palma di Cesnola : an Italian cavalier in the Union cavalry
Francis Barretto Spinola : a Tammany politician goes to war
Alberto Maggi and Enrico Fardella : two professional soldiers
The sons of Neptune : Italian Americans in the Union navy
Italians in gray : the service of Italian soldiers in the Confederate army.