"Ultimate extinction"
"Disunion is abolition"
"Fulfillment of the prophecies"
August 8, 1861: emancipation begins
The border states
"Self-emancipation"
"By the act of Congress they are clearly free"
"A cordon of freedom"
The "preliminary" proclamation
The emancipation proclamation
"The system yet lives"
"Our fathers were mistaken".