The origins of Islamic civilization : the Middle East from c. 600 to c. 1200. Introduction : Middle Eastern societies before the advent of Islam ; Arabia ; The life of the Prophet ; The Arab conquests and the socio-economic bases of empire ; The Caliphate ; Cosmopolitan Islam : the Islam of the imperial elite ; Urban Islam : the Islam of the religious elites ; Islamic culture and the separation of state and religion ; The fall of the ʻAbbasid empire ; The post-ʻAbbasid Middle Eastern state system ; Muslim communities and Middle Eastern societies ; The collective ideal ; The personal ethic ; Conclusion : the Middle Eastern Islamic paradigm
The worldwide diffusion of Islamic societies from the tenth to the nineteenth century. Introduction : the Islamic world and the rise of Europe ; Iran : the Mongol, Timurid, and Safavid empires ; The Turkish migrations and the Ottoman empire ; The Arab Middle East ; Islamic North Africa and Spain to the nineteenth century ; Inner Asia from the Mongol conquests to the nineteenth century ; The Indian subcontinent : the Delhi Sultanates and the Mughal empire ; The formation of Islamic societies in Southeast Asia ; Islam in Sudanic, savannah, and forest West Africa ; Islam in East Africa and the rise of European colonial empires ; Conclusion : the varieties of Islamic society
The modern transformation : Muslim peoples in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Introduction : modernity and the transformation of Muslim societies ; Iran : state and religion in the modern era ; The dissolution of the Ottoman empire and the modernization of Turkey ; Egypt : secularism and Islamic modernity ; The Arab Middle East : Arabism, military states, and Islam ; North Africa in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries ; The Indian subcontinent : India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh ; Islam in Indonesia and Malaysia ; Inner Asia under Russian and Chinese rule ; Islam in West Africa ; Islam in East Africa ; Conclusion : secularized Islam and Islamic revival.