1 Nutrition and Metabolic Development in Mammals
1. Introduction
2. Fetal Period
3. Perinatal Period
4. Suckling Period
5. Weaning Period
6. Permanent Effects of Early Nutritional Changes
7. Summary
8. References
9. Recommended Reading
2 Malnutrition and Mental Development
1. Introduction
2. Animal Studies
3. Human Studies
4. References
3 Nutrition and Cellular Growth
1. Introduction
2. Normal Cellular Growth
3. Effect of Diet on Cellular Growth
4. References
4 Nutrition and Brain Neurotransmitters
1. Introduction
2. Basic Neurobiology
3. Nutrition and the Brain
4. Implications of Precursor Control of Brain Neurotransmitter Synthesis and Release
5. References
5 Nutrition and Pregnancy
1. Maternal-Fetal Exchange
2. Nutrition and Growth of the Human Conceptus
3. Nutrition and Growth of the Conceptus in Animal Models
4. Effects of Specific Deficiencies on Fetal Growth
5. References
6 Early Infant Nutrition: Breast Feeding
1. Introduction
2. Fetus
3. Exterogestate Fetus
4. Transitional Period
5. Conclusions
6. References
7 Early Infant Nutrition: Bottle Feeding
1. Introduction
2. Nutritional Requirements
3. Special Formulas
4. Feeding Regimens
5. Solid Feedings
6. Summary
7. References
8 Malnutrition, Learning, and Animal Models of Cognition
1. Introduction
2. Techniques for Producing Early Malnutrition in Animals
3. Behavior Effects of Malnutrition in the Young Animal
4. Learning and Motivation
5. Concurrent Effects of Protein and Calorie Malnutrition on Stimulus-Response Learning
6. Concurrent Effects of Protein Malnutrition on Complex Stimulus-Response Learning
7. Long-Term Effects of Early Malnutrition on Simple Stimulus-Response Learning Following Rehabilitation
8. Long-Term Effects of Early Malnutrition on Hebb-Williams Maze Learning
9. Long-Term Effects of Early Malnutrition on Emotional Reactivity.
10. Malnutrition and Functional Isolation
11. Mechanisms Through Which Malnutrition May Produce ‘‘Functional Isolation”
12. Implications of an Animal Model for Human Cognitive Development
13. References
9 Nutrition and Mental Development in Children
1. Introduction
2. The INCAP Study
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. References
10 Malnutrition and Infection
1. Introduction
2. Perspective from the Developing Nations
3. Perspective from the Industrialized Nations
4. Effects of Infection on Nutritional Status
5. Effects of Malnutrition on Susceptibility and Response to Infection..
6. Iron Deficiency
7. Vitamin A Deficiency
8. Diarrheal Disease
9. Vaccination in Malnutrition
10. References
11 Nutrition in Dental Development and Disease
1. Introduction
2. Amelogenesis and Chronology of Human Teeth Eruption
3. Dental Dysiplasias and Malnutrition
4. Protein-Calorie Malnutrition and Dental Caries
5. Conclusions
6. References
12 Pediatric Nutrition: Potential Relationship to the Development of Atherosclerosis
1. Introduction
2. Anatomic Studies: Pediatric Precursors of Mature Atherosclerotic Lesions
3. Distribution of Serum Lipids in Children
4. Childhood Diet and Serum Lipids
5. Neonatal and Infantile Cholesterol Levels and Their Relationship to Diet
6. Longitudinal Effects of Infant Feeding on Plasma Cholesterol Levels
7. Nutritional Approaches to Treatment of Pediatric Familial Hyperlipoproteinemias
8. Obesity
9. Hypertension
10. Safety and Nutritional Adequacy of Fat- and Cholesterol-Modified Diets
11. Conclusion
12. References
13 Iron Deficiency: Behavior and Brain Biochemistry
1. Introduction
2. Basic Aspects of Iron Metabolism and the Physiology of Anemia
3. The Prevalence of Iron Deficiency
4. Developmental and Ecological Factors in the Impact of Nutritional and Other Insuhs on Cognition
5. Iron Deficiency and Behavior
6. Biochemical Substrates for Behavioral Derangements
7. Conclusion
8. References
14 Inborn Errors of Metabolism
1. Introduction
2. The Basic Formula
3. The Progression to More Normal Foods
4. Monitoring Treatment
5. The Team Approach
6. References
15 Nutritional In-Hospital Management of Chronic Diarrhea in Children
1. Introduction
2. Diagnosis
3. Nutritional Treatment
4. Intravenous Sugar Feeding
5. Artificial Oral Diets
6. Medium-Chain Triglyceride Formulas
7. Carbohydrate-Free Diets
8. Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
9. Summary
10. References.