Frontmatter
Contents
Preface and Acknowledgments
Introduction
1 Toward a Theoretical Framework of Cyberwars
2 Cyberwars and International Politics
3 U.S. Cyberoperations in the Middle East
4 Russian Trolls, Islam, and the Middle East
5 Cyberwars and Regional Politics
6 Arab Hackers and Electronic Armies
Conclusion
Appendix: Selected List of Arab Hacking Groups
Notes
References
Index
About the Author