The modern study of ancient Jewish history : two centuries and three stages
Graetz on Josephus : on Jewish traitors and cowards in the 1870s
A changing tale of two cities : Graetz on Jews and Greeks in Roman Judea
From feuding medievalists to the Berlin Antisemitismusstreit of 1879-1881
From Bismarck to Antiochus : on the chaotic and "worthless" prehistory of Elias Bickermann's Gott der Makkabäer
Hitler and Antiochus, hellenists and Rabbinerdoktoren : on Isaak Heinemann's response to Elias Bickermann, 1938
Abraham Schalit on Herod and Josephus, before and after the Holocaust
Summary and final reflections.