Introduction: Biologists on Crusade / Abigail Lustig

Russian theoretical biology between heresy and orthodoxy: Georgii Shaposhinikov and his experiments on plant lice / Elena Aronova and Daniel Alexandrov

The spectre of Darwinism: the popular image of Darwinism in early twentieth-century Britain / Peter J. Bowler

Natural theology / Abigail Lustig

Ironic heresy: how young-earth creationists came to embrace rapid microevolution by means of natural selection / Ronald L. Numbers

If this be heresy: Haeckel's conversion to Darwinism / Robert J. Richards

Adaptive landscapes and dynamic equilibrium: the Spencerian contribution to twentieth-century, American, evolutionary biology / Michael Ruse

'The ninth moral sin': the Lamarckism of W. M. Wheeler / Charlotte Sleigh

Contemporary Darwinism and religion / Mikael Stenmark.