Introduction / David J. Francis
Militias as a social phenomenon : towards a theoretical construction / Gani Yoroms
The Kamajor militia in Sierra Leone : liberators or nihilists? / Joe Alie
The Egbesu and Bakassi boys : African spiritism and the mystical re-traditionalisation of security / Kenneth Omeje
Civil militias : Indonesia and Nigeria in comparative perspective / Ruben Thorning
Civil militias : threats to national and human security in West Africa / Istifanus Zabadi
Counter-insurgents or ethnic vanguards? : civil militia and state violence in the Darfur region, Western Sudan / Usman Tar
The "anti-gang" civil militia in Cameroon and the threat to national and human security / Cage Banseka
Civil militias and militarisation of society in the Horn of Africa / Belachew Gebrewold
Protracted civil war, civil militias and political transition in Uganda since 1986 / Byanubanga Rukooko
Mayi Mayi and Interahamwe militias : threats to peace and security in the Great Lake region / Mucharia Munene
Civil defence forces and challenges to post-conflict security : international experiences and implications for Africa / Jeremy Ginifer and Hooman Peimani.