Introduction

1. The early Baroque ; Baroque notation ; Scores and editions ; Thoroughbass ; Accompaniment instruments ; Pitch ; Vibrato ; Words and music ; Historical pronunciation ; Italy ; Voice types and registers ; Ornamentation ; England ; Voice types and registers ; Ornamentation ; France ; Voice types and ranges ; Dance forms ; Notes inégales ; Ornamentation ; Diction

2. The late Baroque ; Scores and notation ; Modern editions ; Tempo ; Articulation ; Rhythmic alteration ; Legato ; Vibrato and breath ; Pitch ; Period instruments ; Recitative ; Italian influence ; Ornamenting arias ; Handel's Messiah ; Germany ; Ornamentation ; J.S. Bach and his singers ; France ; Secular cantatas ; Ornamentation

3. The Classical era ; Scores and editions ; Classical instruments ; Articulation and legato ; Tempo and rhythm ; Voice types and ranges ; Mozart on singers ; Vibrato and portamento ; Recitative ; Ornamentation

4. Italian bel canto ; Scores and editions ; Articulation and phrasing ; Tempo, rhythmic flexibility, and rubato ; Voice types ; Technique ; Vibrato ; Portamento ; Ornamentation ; Cadenzas and improvised florid embellishment

5. German Lieder ; Editions ; Transpositions ; German diction and technique ; Articulation and expression marks ; Embellishment ; Notated ornaments ; Vibrato and portamento ; The Piano ; Tempo and rhythm

6. French mélodies ; editions, transpositions, and voice types ; French taste and aesthetics ; Ornamentation ; The Performer's new role ; Words and music ; Diction and articulation ; Portamento and vibrato ; Rhythm and tempo

7. Second Viennese School ; Publications and editions ; Performance and analysis ; The Society for Private Musical Performance ; Music and text ; Pierrot Lunaire ; Sprechstimme in other works ; Dynamics and articulation ; Tempo and rubato ; Learning this music

8. Early twentieth-century nationalism ; Russia ; Musorgsky and Olenina ; Rimsky-Korsakov, Rachmaninov, and Chaliapin ; Prokofiev ; Shostakovich ; Editions and language ; Spain ; Falla ; Rodrigo ; Editions ; England ; Britten and Pears ; Editions ; United States ; Ives ; Copland ; Barber ; Editions

9. Working with living composers ; Voice types ; Manuscripts, revisions, and published scores ; Notation ; Special vocal effects ; Other special instructions or requirements ; Learning difficult rhythms and pitches ; Vibrato ; Text and music ; Composers as performers ; Using recordings ; Conclusions: Finding the composers' intentions.

Singing > Interpretation (Phrasing, dynamics, etc.)

Vocal music > History and criticism.