Manuscript treatise by William Gilpin on landscape sketching in the picturesque manner, together with 21 illustrations, all apparently in the author's own hand. The manuscript may be an early draft of part of Gilpin's Three essays: on picturesque beauty, on picturesque travel, and on sketching landscape ... (London : R. Blamire, 1792). The text of the manuscript does not appear to anywhere exactly match that of Three essays, but the nature of the text is the same. The text is written in pen and black ink and occupies about 27 leaves (generally rectos only). It includes occasional changes and corrections.
Gilpin's manuscript begins: "Tho' neatness and smoothness are essential features of beauty in real objects, yet alone they never please in representation & consequently form no part of beauty which we properly call picturesque, or capable of being illustrated by painting. The rugged outline, & the rough surface essential to the picturesque, form the essential point of difference between it and the beautiful." His essay elaborates on this theme on leaves 1-18. The remaining text treats related topics, at shorter length. Leaf 19 describes "a modest & very agreeable method of colouring." Leaf 27 (verso) includes definitions for the concepts of composition, design, expression, and effect; an essay on the following leaves (28-33) elaborates on these concepts.
The text is accompanied by 21 landscape illustrations, presumably by Gilpin. Four of these are executed in gray wash, over graphite. 16 of the illustrations are in graphite alone; these sketches are usually very rough. A single leaf (now loose) bears a color chart of tints recommended by Gilpin, together with a small landscape painting utilizing the same tints. On the facing leaf, Gilpin notes: "In order to colour chastely & harmoniously, use only 3 tints: red, yellow, & blue, of wh[ich] compose the other colours wh[ich] are requisite to make out the parts in the difft. distances." After this instruction, Gilpin lists the 7 colors represented in the corresponding color chart and explains the distances for which each color should be used.