Cover; EMERGING REGIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS SYSTEMS IN ASIA; Title; Copyright; Dedication; CONTENTS; FIGURES; TABLES; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS; ABBREVIATIONS; 1 Introduction; 2 Analytical framework: human rights systems in Asia; 2.1 Purpose of this chapter; 2.2 Asia; 2.2.1 The distorted image of Asia; 2.2.2 Political implications of regional grouping; 2.2.3 Can Asia be united?; 2.2.4 Difficulties in cooperation in Asia; 2.2.5 The relevance of human rights in Asia; 2.2.6 Open regionalism; 2.3 The systems approach to human rights; 2.3.1 International relations theories.
2.3.1.1 Realism/neo-realism and neoliberal institutionalism2.3.1.2 Liberalism and constructivism; 2.3.1.3 New challenges; 2.3.1.4 Regime approach; 2.3.2 The origin of the systems approach and its applicability to human rights systems; 2.3.3 Structure of systems approach; 2.3.3.1 Elements of a system; 2.3.3.2 Relationship with other systems; 2.4 Human rights in Asian contexts; 2.4.1 Human rights as adopted norms; 2.4.2 Internal dynamics of normative development; 2.5 Conclusion; 3 Human rights norms in Asia; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Frameworks for the analysis of human rights norms in East Asia.
3.2.1 Compatibility and applicability of human rights in East Asia3.2.2 Domestication of international norms and the process of norm adoption; 3.2.3 Filtered universalism
human rights norms and constitutionalism; 3.2.3.1 Adoption of the rights-concepts; 3.2.3.2 Filtering; 3.2.3.3 Fusion; 3.3 Domestic treatment of international law in East Asia; 3.3.1 Different approaches to the role of international law
dualism v. monism; 3.3.2 International law in the domestic legal system in East Asia; 3.3.2.1 Monist states: international law directly becomes domestic law.
3.3.2.2 Dualist states: incorporation or transformation necessary3.3.3 Hierarchy of international human rights law and domestic law; 3.3.3.1 Higher than, or at the same level as, the constitution; 3.3.3.2 Lower than constitution, but higher than ordinary statutes; 3.3.3.3 At the same level as statutes; 3.3.3.4 Lower than statutes; 3.3.3.5 Incorporation or transformation; 3.3.4 Customary international law; 3.4 Current international human rights norms in East Asia; 3.4.1 Ratification of international human rights treaties; 3.4.2 Implication of international human rights law in East Asia.
3.4.2.1 Reservations or declarations3.5 Constitutional rights in the domestic legal system; 3.5.1 The origins of constitutions in East Asia; 3.5.2 The adoption of constitutions; 3.5.3 The development of constitutionalism and rule of law; 3.5.3.1 China; 3.5.3.2 Japan; 3.5.3.3 South Korea; 3.5.3.4 Indonesia; 3.5.3.5 Malaysia; 3.5.3.6 Thailand; 3.5.3.7 India; 3.5.3.8 Pakistan; 3.5.4 Domestic statutes protecting human rights; 3.5.5 Implications of domestic legal system and constitutional rights; 3.6 Regional human rights norms developing in Asia or the Asia-Pacific.